Sex Education Unit

Some of the Vitamins and Minerals Needed for Cellular Respiration

 You will list the vitamins, state the source, the functions and the deficiency symptoms.

The vitamins and minerals to be examined are those that are directly related to the cellular respiration:
Vitamin B1 - Thiamine
Vitamin B 2 - Riboflavin
Vitamin B3  - Niacin
Vitamin B6
Pantothenic acid
Chromium
Iron

Link to the Cellular Respiration song

 Cellular Respiration song to Black Eyed Peas " I Gotta a Feeling"

Three Day Dietary Log and Total Energy Needs.

Calorimetric Lab

 

Happy Thanksgiving to you and your family

The Stages of Cellular Respiration

 Stage 1: Glycolysis

Grooming Phase happens when pyruvate itself does not enter the citric acid cycle. A carboxyl group is removed from pyruvate and given off as a molecule of CO2. The two carbon compound remaining is oxidized while a molecule of NAD is reduced to NADH ; and a compound called coenzyme A , derived from a B vitamin, joins with the two carbon group to form a molecule called acetyl coenzyme A.
For each molecule of glucose that enters glycolysis, two molecules of pyruvate are produced. These are oxidized, and then two molecules of acetyl CoA enter the citric acid cycle.

Stage 2: 

The Krebs Cycle also known as the Citric Acid Cycle occurs in the mitochondrial matrix.

Stage 3: The Electron Transport Chain and Chemiosmosis

Chapter 6: How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy

The Mitochondrion

Draw and label the picture. It will help with understanding the process.

Permeability Lab

 

Tonicity: Hypertonic, Hypotonic, and Isotonic Solutions.

The importance of tonicity and the tragic real life scenario mentioned in class:

Woman Dies After Water Contest. 

Court Settlement after water poisoning death

Below is a video link with the details of what happens during Water Poisoning.  It is based on the real  case of the "Hold Your Wee for a Wii" story.  This video explains in details what happens inside the body. It also explains how the condition can be treated.

Hold Your Wee for a WII

WATER INTOXICATION, ALSO KNOWN AS WATER POISONING, OVERHYDRATION, OR WATER TOXEMIA IS A POTENTIALLY FATAL DISTURBANCE IN BRAIN FUNCTIONS THAT RESULTS WHEN THE NORMAL BALANCE OF ELECTROLYTES IN THE BODY IS PUSHED OUTSIDE SAFE LIMITS BY EXCESSIVE WATER INTAKE.  

Endurance sports

Marathon runners are susceptible to water intoxication if they drink too much while running. This is caused when sodium levels drop below 135 μmol/L when athletes consume large amounts of fluid. This has been noted to be the result of the encouragement of excessive fluid replacement by various guidelines. This has largely been identified in marathon runners as a dilutional hyponatremia.^[5] A study conducted on participants of the 2002 Boston Marathon found that thirteen percent finished the race with hyponatremia. The study concluded that the strongest predictor of hyponatremia ( low sodium levels in the blood) was weight gain while racing (over-hydration), and hyponatremia was just as likely to occur in runners who chose sports drinks as those who chose water.^[5] Medical personnel at marathon events are trained to suspect water intoxication immediately when runners collapse or show signs of confusion.

The information above explaining water intoxication was copied from Wikipedia.

Enzyme Activity Lab

 You will work in groups of 4 to examine the effects of temperature on enzymes.  The enzyme used will be catalase, which is present in most cells and found in high concentrations in liver and blood cells. You will examine the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by the enzyme.

Catalase promotes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in the following reaction:
                

The Working Cell

 Introduction to Chapter 5; PowerPoint Notes

The Organelles of the Endomembrane System

 The system is responsible for Synthesis, distribution, storage and export of material. The organelles included are:

1) Nuclear envelope

2) Rough ER

3) Smooth ER

3) Transport vesicle

5) Golgi apparatus

6) Lysosome

7) Plasma membrane.

The Functions of the Organelles.

Below is a video link reviewing the Functions of the Organelles:

 Biology: Cell Structure

A View Inside the Human Cell.  Click to View

Types of Cells" Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

 The Amoeba

The Bacterial Cell

An Eukaryotic Cell: The Animal Cell

Chapter 4: A Tour of the Cell

 Introduction to the microscope:  The importance of the invention.  "Seeing is Believing."

The microscope played a significant role in realization that living things were made up of cells. 

This realization lead to the Cell Theory:

1) All living things are made of one or more cells,
2) Cells come from pre-existing cells,
3) Nothing less than a cell can show the properties of life.

In 1665 Robert Hook used an early microscope to look at a thin slice of cork, the dead cells of oak bark. What he saw looked like rooms, which he called cells.  The microscope was developed from eyeglass markers ideas in the late 1500 who realized that using several glass lenses magnified things.

The Light Microscope allows light to pass through a specimen and uses two lenses to form an image.  Light waves are scattered as they pass through material.  Therefore light microscopes can magnify up to about 1000t times.

Electron Microscopes use beams of electrons focused my magnetic fields. These offer higher resolutions than light microscope.  These are used to only examine non-living cells and tissues.  The samples are chemically preserved so that they can be examined in a vacuum. The electrons are placed in a vacuum to prevent them from being scattered.

Electron Microscopes: How They Work

End of Chapter

 The chapter 3 test is on Friday, October 8, 2021. Study Guide is available on the high school's web page.

The chapter 3 assignments are due on Thursday, October 7th.  

The Molecule of Cells

PowerPoint Notes - Lipids and Proteins.  The details are in the textbook. 

PowerPoint Presentation to cover the details of the chapter. This information is also listed in the textbook on pages 34 - 40

Introduction to the Macromolecules and their monomers.

 Although the information given in class today can be found on pages 36 to 42 of the text, it is best if you were to get the notes from a class mate.  The text gives all the new concepts.   The information given in class was scaffolded for easy understanding.  

Chapter 3: The Molecules of Cells (The Macromolecules)

 Class Activity:  Review of how to rewrite a lab report. (No personal pronouns should be included.)

                           The first major lab will be done towards the end of this chapter.

                           Completed Exercise 1 of Chapter 3 Packet.  (Information from the notes on Wednesday

                           will help with the question.) 

School Year 2021 - 2022

 Chapter 2: The Chemical Basis of Life

Please read and take notes from pages 19 - 22 of the text.  Also read 26 - 27 and study the words in bold type related to chemistry done last year. 

Lab: Water Properties done on September 17, 2021.

Study guide for chapter 2 can be found on the high school's home work page.    Test on Thursday, September 23, 2021

 

Unit 2: Chapter 8 -The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance.

 Unit started on Friday, April 30th with notes explaining basic concepts for the unit.

Four day on campus teaching

 Starting tomorrow, May 4th, 2021 all kids who have been coming to school two days per week are now allowed to attend 4 days.  😊

Photosynthesis: Nature's Smallest Factory

Video Links: 

1) Photosynthesis

This video is a bit more detailed. 

 2) It is the one started in class  Nature's Smallest Factory

Image from Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology 4th Ed.

Test for Cellular Respiration will be on Friday, April 23, 2021.

 The study guide is listed in Google Classroom.  Packet is due with notes and vocabulary on Thursday, April 22, 2021

Link to the song of Cellular Respiration sung to I Gotta a Feeling by Black Eye Peas: Cellular Respiration Song

Fourth Quarter Advanced Biology

 Please complete the following information.  Also log into Google Classroom for additional information.  The codes are the same as they were during second quarter.

Please complete the chart as found on pages 445 - 447 of the text for the following nutrients.  The chart will list the nutrients needed by the body to carry out cellular respiration:

1) Vitamin B1 ( Thiamine)

2) Vitamin B2 ( Riboflavin)

3) Vitamin B3 (Niacin)

4) Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)

5) Chromium

6) Iron.

Below is a image of the mitochondrion

How Translation Works Video Link

Video How Translation Works 

Unit 2: Cellular Reproduction and Genetics

 Chapter 8: The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance.

Photosynthesis Videos

 This first video is simply version of the process: Photosynthesis

This second video is a bit more detailed. It is the one started in class:  Nature's Smallest Factory

Chapter 7: Using Light to Make Food

Image from Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology 4th Ed.

Cellular Respiration sung to the tune of the Black Eye Peas song 'I Got a Feeling'

 Link to the song: Cellular Respiration            

Please complete the chart as found on pages 445 - 447 of the text for the following nutrients.  The chart will list the nutrients needed by the body to carry out cellular respiration:

1) Vitamin B1 ( Thiamine)

2) Vitamin B2 ( Riboflavin)

3) Vitamin B3 (Niacin)

4) Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)

5) Chromium

6) Iron.

A copy of the PowerPoint has been posted in Google Classroom

 A more elaborate image of The Electron Transport Chain and Oxidative Phosphorylation has been uploaded to Google Classroom.

Third quarter starts on January 25, 2021

  Log into Google classroom page from first quarter to get the link for the Zoom meeting.

Chapter 6: How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy

 An introduction to the details of the Mitochondrion:

Enzyme Activity Lab

Lab demonstration. This will be a simplier lab than the one done during in-class learning. The usual lab cannot be done by demonstration as it requires 4 students working simultaneously to accomplish the task. A formal lab report is required and should be submitted at the end of the period.

Happy New Year.

 Cheers to 2021!!!