Nutrient Testing Lab

You will work in groups of 4 to test different food items.  Each group of four will have 4 different food items to test.
You will test for the following nutrients in each of the 4 food items:
1) Starch
2) Glucose
3) Sucrose
4) Fats and oil
5) Proteins

Macromolecules ( Proteins and Nucleic Acids)

 

Protein is a polymer of amino acid monomers.  Proteins are the most elaborate and diverse of life's molecules. Proteins account for more than 50% of the dry weight of most cells, and they are instrumental in almost everything.

It is only in the nature of the variant (R) that amino acids differ from one another.  There are only about twenty amino acids that occur in the proteins of living organisms, although there are more than 2000 natural and artificially made amino acids.

There are ten essential amino acids that cannot be synthesized by the body and must be included in the diet.

 

Nucleic Acids

You will be introduced to nucleic acids. The details of nucleic acids will be covered later in the school year under the units on genetics.

The monomers of nucleic acids are nucleotides.  Each nucleotide is made of a phosphate group, linked to a 5-carbon sugar. Each nucleic acid chain has a backbone in which phosphate groups alternate with sugar molecules to form a covalently linked polymer. Attached to the sugar ring of each nucleotide by loss of a molecule is one of four nitrogenous bases: A, T, C and G.

If the proteins are the building materials of life, then nucleic acids are the blueprint.  The DNA has the instructions and directs the RNA in functioning of cells and the synthesis of proteins


 

Macromolecules ( Lipids)

Lipids are mostly from carbon and hydrogen atoms. Lipids include the compounds we call fats, oils, waxes, and steroids.  Lipids can be used to store energy, and they form important parts of biological membranes and waterproof coverings.   Many lipids such as steroids hormones, function as chemical messengers. 

A typical fat consists of a glycerol molecule joined with three fatty acids.

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Power Point Presentation

You will take notes from the PowerPoint and details about each of the macromolecules will be discussed.
Remember you will find the packet easy if you work on the sections each day after the lecture.  Also memorize the daily vocabulary after each class.

 

Macromolecules ( Lipids and Nucleic acids)

Lipids:  The monomers of lipids are fatty acids and glycerol. They are not considered true polymers because they are made of two different monomers.  Fats, oils, and steroids belong to this group of macromolecules.

  Example of a Steroid.


Nucleic Acids: The monomers of nucleic acids are nucleotides.  DNA and RNA are examples of nucleic acids.  They are the blueprint of life.  

 The DNA Molecule

Second Macromolecule (Protein)

Read pages 36, 37, 39 and 42.

Proteins are made of the monomers amino acids.  Proteins account for more than 50 % of the dry weight of most cells and are instrumental in almost everything.  All proteins are made of 20 kinds of amino acids

Introduction to the Macromolecules ( Carbohydrates)

You will be introduce to the macromolecules and their monomers;
The 4 Macromolecules are:

1) Carbohydrates ( Polysaccharides)  - monomers;  glucose
2) Proteins - monomers;  amino acids
3) Lipids -  monomers;  fatty acids and glycerol
4) Nucleic acids - monomers; nucleotides.



Starch, glycogen and cellulose are also examples of polysaccharides.  Excess glucose is stored in plants as starch, and in animal tissue as glycogen.  The cell wall of plants called cellulose are made of glucose.

Click on the image to enlarge

For Your Information:

Introduction to Chapter 3.

You will spend the first half of the class discussing the Chapter 2 test.
If desired, you will be able to meet individually to review your test.

 The second half of the class will be spent reviewing carbon chemistry.

 Unlike compounds formed from other elements, carbon compounds are far more numerous and varied.  There are several million carbon compounds known and several hundred thousands are synthesized each year.

The most common elements found with carbon are hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus, and the halogens.




 

Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Test

 Pay attention to the details before selection your answers.

Chapter 2 Packet was collected and graded in class yesterday, September 19th.

Water Properties Lab

You will work in groups of two to examine some of the properties of water.

Forces of Nature - Elements PBS

You will watch and takes notes from the DVD.
The DVD highlights the fact that the elements such as sulphur, iron, hydrogen and oxygen, present in the environment, are the same elements  needed by organisms to function.

Chapter 2

Period 5 - Read through the chapter and complete the Packet.
Period 3 - Read through the pages up to the sections completed in the PowerPoint and complete  the packet up to page 12.

Study Guide listed on the high school home work page.  Click on the period link to access the page.

Introduction to Water and Its Properties

 Water: The Uncommon Liquid
Irregularity of the density of water. The highest density of water occurs when the molecules are packed tightly together.  The crystal arrangement of ice has a lot of space incorporated in it. There are fewer molecules of water per volume in ice, than there are in water.